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Global environmental change effects on plant community composition trajectories depend upon management legacies
Author(s) -
Perring Michael P.,
BernhardtRömermann Markus,
Baeten Lander,
Midolo Gabriele,
Blondeel Haben,
Depauw Leen,
Landuyt Dries,
Maes Sybryn L.,
De Lombaerde Emiel,
Carón Maria Mercedes,
Vellend Mark,
Brunet Jörg,
Chudomelová Markéta,
Decocq Guillaume,
Diekmann Martin,
Dirnböck Thomas,
Dörfler Inken,
Durak Tomasz,
De Frenne Pieter,
Gilliam Frank S.,
Hédl Radim,
Heinken Thilo,
Hommel Patrick,
Jaroszewicz Bogdan,
Kirby Keith J.,
Kopecký Martin,
Lenoir Jonathan,
Li Daijiang,
Máliš František,
Mitchell Fraser J.G.,
Naaf Tobias,
Newman Miles,
Petřík Petr,
Reczyńska Kamila,
Schmidt Wolfgang,
Standovár Tibor,
Świerkosz Krzysztof,
Van Calster Hans,
Vild Ondřej,
Wagner Eva Rosa,
Wulf Monika,
Verheyen Kris
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
global change biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.146
H-Index - 255
eISSN - 1365-2486
pISSN - 1354-1013
DOI - 10.1111/gcb.14030
Subject(s) - species richness , understory , environmental change , forest management , ecology , plant community , temperate forest , global change , temperate rainforest , geography , trait , indicator value , coppicing , climate change , environmental resource management , temperate climate , ecosystem , environmental science , woody plant , canopy , biology , computer science , programming language
The contemporary state of functional traits and species richness in plant communities depends on legacy effects of past disturbances. Whether temporal responses of community properties to current environmental changes are altered by such legacies is, however, unknown. We expect global environmental changes to interact with land‐use legacies given different community trajectories initiated by prior management, and subsequent responses to altered resources and conditions. We tested this expectation for species richness and functional traits using 1814 survey‐resurvey plot pairs of understorey communities from 40 European temperate forest datasets, syntheses of management transitions since the year 1800, and a trait database. We also examined how plant community indicators of resources and conditions changed in response to management legacies and environmental change. Community trajectories were clearly influenced by interactions between management legacies from over 200 years ago and environmental change. Importantly, higher rates of nitrogen deposition led to increased species richness and plant height in forests managed less intensively in 1800 (i.e., high forests), and to decreases in forests with a more intensive historical management in 1800 (i.e., coppiced forests). There was evidence that these declines in community variables in formerly coppiced forests were ameliorated by increased rates of temperature change between surveys. Responses were generally apparent regardless of sites’ contemporary management classifications, although sometimes the management transition itself, rather than historic or contemporary management types, better explained understorey responses. Main effects of environmental change were rare, although higher rates of precipitation change increased plant height, accompanied by increases in fertility indicator values. Analysis of indicator values suggested the importance of directly characterising resources and conditions to better understand legacy and environmental change effects. Accounting for legacies of past disturbance can reconcile contradictory literature results and appears crucial to anticipating future responses to global environmental change.