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Living roots magnify the response of soil organic carbon decomposition to temperature in temperate grassland
Author(s) -
Hill Paul W.,
Garnett Mark H.,
Farrar John,
Iqbal Zafar,
Khalid Muhammad,
Soleman Nawaf,
Jones Davey L.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
global change biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.146
H-Index - 255
eISSN - 1365-2486
pISSN - 1354-1013
DOI - 10.1111/gcb.12784
Subject(s) - soil water , soil respiration , soil carbon , respiration , carbon dioxide , grassland , temperate climate , carbon cycle , cycling , environmental science , agronomy , chemistry , carbon respiration , carbon dioxide in earth's atmosphere , environmental chemistry , soil science , ecosystem , ecology , botany , carbon sequestration , biology , archaeology , organic chemistry , negative carbon dioxide emission , history
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) concentration is both a strong driver of primary productivity and widely believed to be the principal cause of recent increases in global temperature. Soils are the largest store of the world's terrestrial C. Consequently, many investigations have attempted to mechanistically understand how microbial mineralisation of soil organic carbon ( SOC ) to CO 2 will be affected by projected increases in temperature. Most have attempted this in the absence of plants as the flux of CO 2 from root and rhizomicrobial respiration in intact plant‐soil systems confounds interpretation of measurements. We compared the effect of a small increase in temperature on respiration from soils without recent plant C with the effect on intact grass swards. We found that for 48 weeks, before acclimation occurred, an experimental 3 °C increase in sward temperature gave rise to a 50% increase in below ground respiration (ca. 0.4 kg C m −2 ; Q 10 = 3.5), whereas mineralisation of older SOC without plants increased with a Q 10 of only 1.7 when subject to increases in ambient soil temperature. Subsequent 14 C dating of respired CO 2 indicated that the presence of plants in swards more than doubled the effect of warming on the rate of mineralisation of SOC with an estimated mean C age of ca. 8 years or older relative to incubated soils without recent plant inputs. These results not only illustrate the formidable complexity of mechanisms controlling C fluxes in soils but also suggest that the dual biological and physical effects of CO 2 on primary productivity and global temperature have the potential to synergistically increase the mineralisation of existing soil C.