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Risk analysis of non‐native three‐spot cichlid, Amphilophus trimaculatus, in the River Cauvery (India)
Author(s) -
Kumar Lohith,
Kumari Kavita,
Gogoi Pranab,
Manna Ranjan Kumar,
Madayi Roshith Chakkiyath,
Salim Sibina Mol,
Muttanahalli Eregowda Vijaykumar,
Raghavan Suresh Vettath,
Das Basanta Kumar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
fisheries management and ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1365-2400
pISSN - 0969-997X
DOI - 10.1111/fme.12467
Subject(s) - invasive species , cichlid , biological dispersal , introduced species , ecology , river ecosystem , habitat , fauna , range (aeronautics) , biology , geography , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , population , materials science , demography , sociology , composite material
The three‐spot cichlid Amphilophus trimaculatus (Günther) is an ornamental fish known to be invasive but has not been assessed for India. The present study confirmed this non‐native species’ identity using conventional and molecular methods, as well as its occurrence in the River Cauvery, the first for this species in a lotic environment outside its native range. Gut content analysis indicated a diet of predominantly insects. The river's water quality and habitat were conducive for the species’ growth and reproduction. Using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit, A. trimaculatus was ranked as posing a “high” risk of being invasive in the River Cauvery, with climate match analysis showing 58% similarity with the species’ native range. Vector and pathway analysis found that A. trimaculatus was introduced to India via the aquarium trade, although consignment origin remains unknown, and the most likely means of entry into the river and its tributaries was the species’ escaping from holding facilities. Subsequent dispersal and impact of the species on native fauna are discussed. The study's outcomes demonstrate the importance of using risk analysis protocols to inform management of non‐native species in India, with suggestions provided for immediate and long‐term measures for the species’ management.