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Role of PRC 2‐associated factors in stem cells and disease
Author(s) -
Vizán Pedro,
Beringer Malte,
Ballaré Cecilia,
Di Croce Luciano
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the febs journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.981
H-Index - 204
eISSN - 1742-4658
pISSN - 1742-464X
DOI - 10.1111/febs.13083
Subject(s) - chromatin , epigenetics , histone , histone h3 , psychological repression , polycomb group proteins , chromatin remodeling , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , gene , gene expression , repressor
The Polycomb group (PcG) of proteins form chromatin‐binding complexes with histone‐modifying activity. The two main PcG repressive complexes studied ( PRC 1 and PRC 2) are generally associated with chromatin in its repressed state. PRC 2 is responsible for methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), an epigenetic mark that is linked with numerous biological processes, including development, adult homeostasis and cancer. The core canonical complex PRC 2, which contains the EZH 1/2, SUZ 12 and EED proteins, may be extended and functionally manipulated through interactions with several other proteins. In this review, we focus on these PRC 2‐associated proteins. As PRC 2 functions are diverse, the variability conferred by these sub‐stoichiometrically associated members may help to understand specific changes in PRC 2 activity, chromatin recruitment and distribution required for gene repression.