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Beneficial effects of coagulase‐negative Staphylococci on Staphylococcus aureu s skin colonization
Author(s) -
Bier Katharina,
Schittek Birgit
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/exd.14381
Subject(s) - commensalism , colonization , microbiology and biotechnology , staphylococcus aureus , immune system , pathogen , microbiome , biology , staphylococcus , immunology , atopic dermatitis , staphylococcal infections , colonisation resistance , staphylococcal skin infections , coagulase , skin infection , bacteria , bioinformatics , genetics
Our skin is constantly exposed to a large number of pathogens while at the same time undergoing selective colonization by commensal microorganisms such as coagulase‐negative Staphylococci. Staphylococcus aureus , however, is a facultative pathogen that is usually absent from healthy skin but frequently colonizes the inflamed skin of atopic dermatitis patients, where it further promotes inflammation. Enhanced S. aureus skin colonization was shown to correlate with a loss of microbiome diversity indicating a role for skin commensals to shape pathogen colonization. Together, keratinocytes and immune cells in the skin need to discriminate commensals from pathogens and orchestrate subsequent immune reactions in response to colonizing microbes. However, the mechanisms how individual commensals cooperate with keratinocytes and the immune system of the skin to prevent pathogen colonization are barely understood. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the functional effects of coagulase‐negative staphylococci, the most frequently isolated skin commensals, on S. aureus skin colonization.