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The impact of carbonylated proteins on the skin and potential agents to block their effects
Author(s) -
Yamawaki Yumiko,
Mizutani Taeko,
Okano Yuri,
Masaki Hitoshi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/exd.13821
Subject(s) - dermis , transepidermal water loss , stratum corneum , intracellular , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , lipid peroxidation , skin aging , extracellular matrix , antioxidant , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , biology , dermatology , medicine , pathology , anatomy
Carbonylated proteins ( CP s) are synthesized by reactions between amino groups in proteins and reactive aldehyde compounds ( RAC ) yielded from lipid peroxidation initiated by reactive oxygen species ( ROS ). In the skin, CP s are detected in a higher frequency at sun‐exposed sites of the skin in elderly subjects. Since CP s in the stratum corneum ( SC ) have been reported to correlate with skin water content and transepidermal water loss, it is considered that the accumulation of CP s in the SC involves the loss of skin moisture functions. However, the roles of CP s in the dermis on skin physiology are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of CP s in the dermis during the progression of photoaged skin and to propose a method to prevent or reduce the synthesis of CP s. The exposure of human normal dermal fibroblasts to CP s increased intracellular ROS levels and the synthesis of intracellular CP s. In addition, CP s caused morphological changes of fibroblasts. Furthermore, CP s caused alterations of mRNA expression levels of dermal matrix‐related proteins, such as upregulating MMP ‐1 and IL ‐8. These results indicated that CP s disrupt construction of the dermal matrix. On the other hand, α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene suppressed the synthesis of RAC during lipid peroxidation which resulted in the reduction of UVA ‐induced CP s in the SC . From these results, we propose that extracellular CP s increase intracellular ROS levels and contribute to alterations of the dermal matrix. To prevent the synthesis of CP s, the application of α‐tocopherol or β‐carotene could be effective.