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Time‐lapse imaging points towards a non‐toxic, mainly immune‐driven mode of action of ingenol mebutate in the treatment of anogenital warts
Author(s) -
Braun Stephan Alexander,
Bünemann Erich,
Baran Julia,
Homey Bernhard,
Gerber Peter Arne
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/exd.13516
Subject(s) - immune system , ex vivo , mode of action , cytotoxic t cell , medicine , in vivo , immunology , biology , in vitro , toxicology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
Recently, it has been reported that ingenol mebutate ( IM ) is an effective treatment option for anogenital warts ( AGW ), inducing fast wart necrosis within 24 hours in vivo. With regard to its mode of action, IM is thought to act both as an inducer of direct cytotoxic effects and immunologic mechanisms. To distinguish whether the wart necrosis is mainly caused by cytotoxic effects, or whether immune mechanisms are leading, we used time‐lapse imaging to analyse IM ‐treated warts ex vivo over 24 hours. Ex vivo IM ‐treated warts, which have been detached from the immune system, did not show destructive necrosis, pointing towards a primarily immune‐driven mode of action of IM in the treatment of AGW .