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Update on the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in inflammatory/autoimmune skin diseases
Author(s) -
Saadeh Dana,
Kurban Mazen,
Abbas Ossama
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/exd.12957
Subject(s) - plasmacytoid dendritic cell , immunology , tlr7 , tlr9 , dendritic cell , population , inflammation , psoriasis , biology , innate immune system , toll like receptor , medicine , immune system , biochemistry , gene expression , dna methylation , gene , environmental health
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells ( pDC s) represent a specialized dendritic cell population that exhibit plasma cell morphology, express CD 4, CD 123, blood‐derived dendritic cell antigen‐2 ( BDCA ‐2) and Toll‐like receptor ( TLR )7 and TLR 9 within endosomal compartments. When activated, pDC s are capable of producing large quantities of type I IFN s (mainly IFN ‐ α / β ), which provide antiviral resistance and link the innate and adaptive immunity. While generally lacking from normal skin, pDC s infiltrate the skin and appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory, infectious (especially viral) and neoplastic entities. In recent years, pDC role in inflammatory/autoimmune skin conditions has been extensively studied. Unlike type I IFN ‐mediated protective immunity that pDC s provide at the level of the skin by regulated sensing of microbial or self‐nucleic acids upon skin damage, excessive sensing may elicit IFN ‐driven inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. In this review, focus will be on the role of pDC s in cutaneous inflammatory/autoimmune dermatoses.