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Orange peel extract, containing high levels of polymethoxyflavonoid, suppressed UVB ‐induced COX ‐2 expression and PGE 2 production in HaCaT cells through PPAR ‐ γ activation
Author(s) -
Yoshizaki Norihiro,
Fujii Takahiro,
Masaki Hitoshi,
Okubo Takeshi,
Shimada Kunio,
Hashizume Ron
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/exd.12394
Subject(s) - hacat , chemistry , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , agonist , cyclooxygenase , prostaglandin e2 , pharmacology , receptor , prostaglandin e , biochemistry , biology , enzyme , in vitro , endocrinology
Ultraviolet light ( UV ) induces an inflammatory response in the skin by cyclooxygenase ( COX )‐2 expression and prostaglandin ( PG ) E 2 production. Citrus peel has been used as a natural medicine. It contains polymethoxyflavonoids ( PMF s) as a major ingredient, which have anti‐inflammatory activity. We obtained orange peel extract containing high levels of PMF s. The extract suppressed UVB ‐induced COX ‐2 expression and PGE 2 production in HaCaT cells . Furthermore, it was found that this extract acted as a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor ( PPAR )‐ γ agonist. The suppression of UVB ‐induced COX ‐2 expression by this extract was inhibited by GW 9662 and T0070907, which are both PPAR ‐ γ antagonists. It is therefore suggested that orange peel extract, containing high levels of PMF s, suppresses UVB ‐induced COX ‐2 expression and PGE 2 production through PPAR ‐ γ . Hence, these extracts could provide useful protection against or alleviation of UV damage.