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Environment‐dependent variation in selection on life history across small spatial scales
Author(s) -
Lange Rolanda,
Monro Keyne,
J. Marshall Dustin
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.84
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1558-5646
pISSN - 0014-3820
DOI - 10.1111/evo.13033
Subject(s) - biology , trait , selection (genetic algorithm) , variation (astronomy) , directional selection , stabilizing selection , evolutionary biology , life history theory , genetic variation , marine invertebrates , ecology , natural selection , phenology , phenotypic trait , life history , phenotype , genetics , gene , physics , artificial intelligence , astrophysics , computer science , programming language
Variation in life‐history traits is ubiquitous, even though genetic variation is thought to be depleted by selection. One potential mechanism for the maintenance of trait variation is spatially variable selection. We explored spatial variation in selection in the field for a colonial marine invertebrate that shows phenotypic differences across a depth gradient of only 3 m. Our analysis included life‐history traits relating to module size, colony growth, and phenology. Directional selection on colony growth varied in strength across depths, while module size was under directional selection at one depth but not the other. Differences in selection may explain some of the observed phenotypic differentiation among depths for one trait but not another: instead, selection should actually erode the differences observed for this trait. Our results suggest selection is not acting alone to maintain trait variation within and across environments in this system.