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Anti‐inflammatory drugs decrease infection of brain endothelial cells with EHV ‐1 in vitro
Author(s) -
Goehring L. S.,
Brandes K.,
Ashton L. V.,
Wittenburg L. A.,
OleaPopelka F. J.,
Lunn D. P.,
Soboll Hussey G.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
equine veterinary journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.82
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 2042-3306
pISSN - 0425-1644
DOI - 10.1111/evj.12656
Subject(s) - peripheral blood mononuclear cell , endothelial stem cell , in vitro , inflammation , immunology , cell adhesion molecule , endothelium , biology , cell , medicine , biochemistry , genetics
Summary Background Equine herpesvirus‐associated myeloencephalopathy is the result of endothelial cell infection of the spinal cord vasculature with equine herpesvirus‐1 ( EHV ‐1) during cell‐associated viraemia. Endothelial cell infection requires contact between infected peripheral blood mononuclear and endothelial cells. Inflammation generated during viraemia likely upregulates adhesion molecule expression on both cell types increasing contact and facilitating endothelial cell infection. Objectives Evaluating the role of anti‐inflammatory drugs in decreasing endothelial cell infection with EHV ‐1. Study design In vitro assay, crossover design, multiple drug testing. Methods In vitro modified infectious centre assay using immortalised carotid artery endothelial cells or primary brain endothelial cells with plaque counts per well as outcome. Cells were either anti‐inflammatory drug treated or left untreated. Results Significant reduction of plaque count when cells were treated compared with untreated cells. No dose‐dependent effect when drug concentrations were increased to 10× dose. Treatment of both peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) and endothelial cells ( EC ) is required for significant plaque count reduction. Main limitations In vitro study. Conclusions Anti‐inflammatory drugs decrease infection of endothelial cells likely by reducing contact between EHV ‐1 infected PBMC and endothelial cells in vitro. The role of adhesion molecules in this process needs further investigation. In vitro results suggest anti‐inflammatory drug therapy during EHV ‐1 infection and viraemia in horses could be clinically relevant.