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Influence of commonly used pharmaceutical agents on equine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell viability
Author(s) -
Edmonds R. E.,
Garvican E. R.,
Smith R. K. W.,
Dudhia J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
equine veterinary journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.82
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 2042-3306
pISSN - 0425-1644
DOI - 10.1111/evj.12590
Subject(s) - viability assay , medicine , mesenchymal stem cell , mepivacaine , pharmacology , xylazine , triamcinolone acetonide , andrology , anesthesia , chemistry , surgery , cell , pathology , ketamine , bupivacaine , biochemistry
Summary Reason for performing study To provide evidence to support recommendations regarding the co‐administration of drugs with mesenchymal stem cell ( MSC ) therapy. Objectives To determine the influence of sedatives, local anaesthetic and corticosteroids on MSC viability and proliferation, in comparison to somatic cells derived from tendon ( TDC s). Study design In vitro cell culture. Materials and methods MSC s (n = 3) and TDC s (n = 2) were cultured in media containing a clinically relevant dose range of xylazine, romifidine, detomidine and butorphanol, mepivacaine, methylprednisolone, or triamcinolone acetonide. Cell viability in suspension culture was assessed at intervals up to 4 h using the trypan blue dye assay. MSC s in monolayer culture were exposed to the highest concentrations of drug and proliferation was measured using the alamarBlue fluorescence assay. Results Exposure to romifidine or mepivacaine did not significantly affect viability or proliferation rate of MSC s or TDC s at any of the dosages tested. At the highest concentration of detomidine and butorphanol, MSC viability was significantly reduced compared to controls. Although xylazine exposure caused a significant (P < 0.001), dose‐dependent reduction in MSC viability compared to controls, overall population viability remained good. Conversely, both methylprednisolone and triamcinolone resulted in the rapid death of significant numbers of MSC s (P < 0.001). Conclusions Clinicians can sedate horses and administer nerve blocks to assist in intratendinous or intrathecal injection of MSC s with confidence that these drugs will not impact the viability of implanted cells. However, the concomitant use of corticosteroids is likely to have a severely detrimental effect on cell viability and should not be performed. Similarly, steroid administration into the sheath of a damaged tendon is not recommended.