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Distribution and persistence of technetium‐99 hexamethyl propylene amine oxime‐labelled bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimentally induced tendon lesions after intratendinous injection and regional perfusion of the equine distal limb
Author(s) -
Sole A.,
Spriet M.,
Padgett K. A.,
Vaughan B.,
Galuppo L. D.,
Borjesson D. L.,
Wisner E. R.,
Vidal M. A.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
equine veterinary journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.82
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 2042-3306
pISSN - 0425-1644
DOI - 10.1111/evj.12063
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , forelimb , tendon , perfusion , lesion , medicine , stem cell , limb perfusion , hindlimb , pathology , thrombosis , in vivo , anatomy , surgery , radiology , biology , genetics , microbiology and biotechnology
Summary Reasons for performing study Intralesional (i.l.) injection is currently the most commonly used technique for stem cell therapy in equine tendon injury. A comparison of different techniques of injection of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of tendon lesions is required. Objectives We hypothesised that vascular perfusion of the equine distal limb with mesenchymal stem cells ( MSC s) would result in preferential distribution of MSC s to acute tendon injuries. Study design In vivo experimental study. Methods Lesions were surgically induced in forelimb superficial digital flexor tendons of 8 horses. Three or 10 days after lesion induction, technetium‐99 hexamethyl propylene amine oxime‐labelled MSC s were injected via i.v. or intra‐arterial (i.a.) regional limb perfusion ( RLP ) at the level of the distal antebrachium and compared to i.l. injection. Mesenchymal stem cell persistence and distribution within the forelimb and tendon lesions was assessed with scintigraphy for 24 h. Results Lesion uptake was higher with i.l. injection than with RLP , but MSC persistence decreased similarly over time in all 3 techniques. Intra‐arterial RLP resulted in a better distribution of MSC s and a higher uptake at the lesion site than i.v. RLP . Limbs perfused i.a. on Day 10 showed greater accumulation of MSC s in the lesion than limbs perfused on Day 3. Arterial thrombosis occurred in 50% of the i.v. RLP limbs and in 100% of the i.a. RLP limbs, which led to clinical complications in one horse. Conclusions and potential relevance Compared with i.l. injection, RLP results in lower uptake but similar persistence of MSC s at the site of tendon lesions. A time dependent accumulation of MSC s was identified with i.a. RLP . The i.a. RLP appears more advantageous than the i.v. RLP in terms of distribution and uptake. However, the described i.a. technique produced arterial thrombosis and thus cannot currently be recommended for clinical use. The S ummary is available in C hinese – see S upporting information.