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WONOEP appraisal: Molecular and cellular imaging in epilepsy
Author(s) -
Lillis Kyle P.,
Dulla Chris,
Maheshwari Atul,
Coulter Douglas,
Mody Istvan,
Heinemann Uwe,
Armbruster Moritz,
Žiburkus Jokūbas
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
epilepsia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.687
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1528-1167
pISSN - 0013-9580
DOI - 10.1111/epi.12939
Subject(s) - neuroscience , electroencephalography , epilepsy , electrophysiology , calcium imaging , positron emission tomography , magnetic resonance imaging , population , fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy , biological neural network , computer science , psychology , medicine , fluorescence , physics , calcium , environmental health , quantum mechanics , radiology
Summary Great advancements have been made in understanding the basic mechanisms of ictogenesis using single‐cell electrophysiology (e.g., patch clamp, sharp electrode), large‐scale electrophysiology (e.g., electroencephalography [EEG], field potential recording), and large‐scale imaging (magnetic resonance imaging [ MRI] , positron emission tomography [ PET] , calcium imaging of acetoxymethyl ester [AM] dye‐loaded tissue). Until recently, it has been challenging to study experimentally how population rhythms emerge from cellular activity. Newly developed optical imaging technologies hold promise for bridging this gap by making it possible to simultaneously record the many cellular elements that comprise a neural circuit. Furthermore, easily accessible genetic technologies for targeting expression of fluorescent protein–based indicators make it possible to study, in animal models of epilepsy, epileptogenic changes to neural circuits over long periods. In this review, we summarize some of the latest imaging tools (fluorescent probes, gene delivery methods, and microscopy techniques) that can lead to the advancement of cell‐ and circuit‐level understanding of epilepsy, which in turn may inform and improve development of next generation antiepileptic and antiepileptogenic drugs.