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Buffering of protons released by mineral formation during amelogenesis in mice
Author(s) -
Bronckers Antonius L. J. J.,
Lyaruu Don M.,
Jalali Rozita,
DenBesten Pamela K.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1111/eos.12287
Subject(s) - ameloblast , amelogenin , enamel paint , amelogenesis , chemistry , mineralization (soil science) , bicarbonate , biophysics , tooth enamel , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , dentistry , biology , medicine , organic chemistry , nitrogen , gene
Regulation of pH by ameloblasts during amelogenesis is critical for enamel mineralization. We examined the effects of reduced bicarbonate secretion and the presence or absence of amelogenins on ameloblast modulation and enamel mineralization. To that end, the composition of fluorotic and non‐fluorotic enamel of several different mouse mutants, including enamel of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator‐deficient ( Cftr null), anion exchanger‐2‐deficient ( Ae2a,b null), and amelogenin‐deficient ( Amelx null) mice, was determined by quantitative X‐ray microanalysis. Correlation analysis was carried out to compare the effects of changes in the levels of sulfated‐matrix (S) and chlorine (Cl; for bicarbonate secretion) on mineralization and modulation. The chloride (Cl − ) levels in forming enamel determined the ability of ameloblasts to modulate, remove matrix, and mineralize enamel. In general, the lower the Cl − content, the stronger the negative effects. In Amelx ‐null mice, modulation was essentially normal and the calcium content was reduced least. Retention of amelogenins in enamel of kallikrein‐4‐deficient ( Klk4‐ null) mice resulted in decreased mineralization and reduced the length of the first acid modulation band without changing the total length of all acidic bands. These data suggest that buffering by bicarbonates is critical for modulation, matrix removal and enamel mineralization. Amelogenins also act as a buffer but are not critical for modulation.