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Hypoxia increases the expression of enamel genes and cytokines in an ameloblast‐derived cell line
Author(s) -
Sidaly Rivan,
Landin Maria A.,
Suo Zhenhe,
Snead Malcolm L.,
Lyngstadaas Ståle P.,
Reseland Janne E.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1111/eos.12201
Subject(s) - ameloblast , amelogenin , enamel paint , secretion , chemistry , lactate dehydrogenase , gene expression , microbiology and biotechnology , proinflammatory cytokine , hypoxia (environmental) , matrix metalloproteinase , andrology , alkaline phosphatase , biology , immunology , gene , biochemistry , inflammation , dentistry , medicine , enzyme , oxygen , organic chemistry
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypoxic conditions on the expression of enamel genes and on the secretion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cytokines, and interleukins by an ameloblast‐derived cell line. Murine ameloblast‐derived cells (LS‐8 cells) were exposed to 1% oxygen for 24 and 48 h and harvested after 1, 2, 3, and 7 d. The effect of culture in hypoxic conditions on the expression of structural enamel matrix genes and on the secretion of cytokines and interleukins, as well as ALP and LDH, into the cell‐culture medium was calculated relative to the expression and secretion of these factors by untreated cells (controls) at each time point. Hypoxia increased expression of the structural enamel matrix genes amelogenin ( Amelx ), ameloblastin ( Ambn ), and enamelin ( Enam ), and the enamel protease matrix metalloproteinase‐20 ( Mmp20 ). Expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha ( Hif1α ), and secretion of several vascularization factors and pro‐inflammatory factors, were increased after 24 and 48 h of hypoxia. The ALP activity was reduced after 24 and 48 h of hypoxia, whereas the LDH level in the cell‐culture medium was higher after 24 h of hypoxic conditions compared with 48 h. In conclusion, hypoxic exposure may disrupt the controlled fine‐tuned expression and processing of enamel genes, and promote the secretion of pro‐inflammatory factors.