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The Framingham cardiovascular risk score and 5‐year progression of multiple sclerosis
Author(s) -
Petruzzo Martina,
Reia Antonio,
Maniscalco Giorgia T.,
Luiso Fabrizio,
Lanzillo Roberta,
Russo Cinzia Valeria,
Carotenuto Antonio,
Allegorico Lia,
Palladino Raffaele,
Brescia Morra Vincenzo,
Moccia Marcello
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
european journal of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1468-1331
pISSN - 1351-5101
DOI - 10.1111/ene.14608
Subject(s) - medicine , framingham risk score , hazard ratio , proportional hazards model , cohort , confidence interval , diabetes mellitus , blood pressure , physical therapy , disease , endocrinology
Background and purpose Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities can affect the prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The Framingham risk score is an algorithm that can estimate the 10‐year risk of developing macrovascular disease. Our objectives were to evaluate the possible association between the Framingham risk score at baseline and MS relapses, disability, and disease‐modifying therapy (DMT) choices over a 5‐year follow‐up. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study including 251 MS subjects. At baseline, we calculated the Framingham risk score considering the following variables: age, sex, diabetes, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index. MS outcomes including relapses, disability, and treatments were collected over 5 years. Cox proportional regression models were employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). Results A one‐point increase in the Framingham risk score was associated with 31% higher risk of relapse (HR = 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 1.68), 19% higher risk of reaching of EDSS 6.0 (HR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.05, 3.01), and 62% higher risk of DMT escalation (HR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.22, 3.01). Conclusions Higher cardiovascular risk was associated with higher risk of relapses, disability, and DMT escalation in MS. Early identification, correction, and treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities should be carefully considered within MS management.