Premium
Restless legs syndrome is associated with headache‐related disabilities in patients with migraine: a prospective 7‐year follow‐up study
Author(s) -
Suzuki K.,
Suzuki S.,
Haruyama Y.,
Kobashi G.,
Shiina T.,
Hirata K.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
european journal of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1468-1331
pISSN - 1351-5101
DOI - 10.1111/ene.13796
Subject(s) - epworth sleepiness scale , medicine , restless legs syndrome , pittsburgh sleep quality index , prospective cohort study , migraine , physical therapy , beck depression inventory , confounding , depression (economics) , insomnia , polysomnography , psychiatry , sleep quality , anxiety , apnea , macroeconomics , economics
Background and purpose No prospective study has evaluated the impact of restless legs syndrome ( RLS ) on clinical factors in patients with migraine. We planned a prospective study to assess the impact of RLS comorbid status on clinical factors in patients with migraine. Methods A total of 101 patients with migraine who were evaluated for RLS twice at 7‐year intervals in a university hospital setting were included in this study. The RLS group was defined as positive for RLS at either baseline or follow‐up and the non‐ RLS group was defined as negative for RLS at both baseline and follow‐up. The Migraine Disability Assessment ( MIDAS ) questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory‐II ( BDI ‐ II ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were administered to all patients. Results The RLS prevalence was 16.8% at baseline and 20.8% at follow‐up. Compared with the non‐ RLS group ( n = 27), the RLS group ( n = 74) showed a significantly higher rate of smoking and higher MIDAS and BDI ‐ II scores at 7‐year follow‐up. A significant reduction in MIDAS and BDI ‐ II scores at 7‐year follow‐up compared with those at baseline was observed in the non‐ RLS group, but not in the RLS group. The non‐ RLS group showed a significantly lower MIDAS score at 7‐year follow‐up than the RLS group after adjusting for confounding variables such as age, gender, smoking status, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and PSQI scores using analysis of covariance. The persistent RLS group ( n = 11) (positive for RLS at both baseline and follow‐up) showed a significantly higher rate of smoking and increased MIDAS , BDI ‐ II and PSQI scores compared with the non‐ RLS group ( n = 74) at 7‐year follow‐up. Conclusion Our prospective study showed that RLS had a significant impact on headache‐related disability in patients with migraine.