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Dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: views from positron emission tomography studies
Author(s) -
Niccolini F.,
Loane C.,
Politis M.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
european journal of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1468-1331
pISSN - 1351-5101
DOI - 10.1111/ene.12362
Subject(s) - positron emission tomography , medicine , levodopa , neuroscience , parkinson's disease , dopaminergic , glutamatergic , dopamine , serotonergic , functional imaging , pet imaging , psychology , disease , pathology , glutamate receptor , serotonin , receptor
Levodopa‐induced dyskinesias ( LID s) and graft‐induced dyskinesias ( GID s) are serious and common complications of Parkinson's disease ( PD ) management following chronic treatment with levodopa or intrastriatal transplantation with dopamine‐rich foetal ventral mesencephalic tissue, respectively. Positron emission tomography ( PET ) molecular imaging provides a powerful in vivo tool that has been employed over the past 20 years for the elucidation of mechanisms underlying the development of LID s and GID s in PD patients. PET used together with radioligands tagging molecular targets has allowed the functional investigation of several systems in the brain including the dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic, opioid, endocannabinoid, noradrenergic and cholinergic systems. In this article the role of PET imaging in unveiling pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of LID s and GID s in PD patients is reviewed.