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Periodicity, repression, and the molecular architecture of the mammalian circadian clock
Author(s) -
Rosensweig Clark,
Green Carla B.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
european journal of neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.346
H-Index - 206
eISSN - 1460-9568
pISSN - 0953-816X
DOI - 10.1111/ejn.14254
Subject(s) - clockwork , circadian clock , circadian rhythm , cryptochrome , biology , psychological repression , repressor , transcription (linguistics) , chromatin , microbiology and biotechnology , timeless , computational biology , bacterial circadian rhythms , transcription factor , molecular clock , activator (genetics) , neuroscience , genetics , gene expression , gene , physics , linguistics , philosophy , astronomy , phylogenetics
Large molecular machines regulate daily cycles of transcriptional activity and help generate rhythmic behavior. In recent years, structural and biochemical analyses have elucidated a number of principles guiding the interactions of proteins that form the basis of circadian timing. In its simplest form, the circadian clock is composed of a transcription/translation feedback loop. However, this description elides a complicated process of activator recruitment, chromatin decompaction, recruitment of coactivators, expression of repressors, formation of a repressive complex, repression of the activators, and ultimately degradation of the repressors and reinitiation of the cycle. Understanding the core principles underlying the clock requires careful examination of molecular and even atomic level details of these processes. Here, we review major structural and biochemical findings in circadian biology and make the argument that shared protein interfaces within the clockwork are critical for both the generation of rhythmicity and timing of the clock.

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