English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Human aquaporin 4 ( AQP 4) is the primary water channel protein in brain astrocytes. Hypothermia is known to cause astrocyte swelling in culture, but the precise role of  AQP 4 in this process is unknown. Primary human cortical astrocytes were cultured under hypothermic (32 °C) or normothermic (37 °C) conditions.  AQP 4 transcript, total protein and surface‐localized protein were quantified using  RT ‐ qPCR , sandwich  ELISA  with whole cell lysates or cell surface biotinylation, followed by  ELISA  analysis of the surface‐localized protein, respectively. Four‐hour mild hypothermic treatment increased the surface localization of  AQP 4 in human astrocytes to 155 ± 4% of normothermic controls, despite no change in total protein expression levels. The hypothermia‐mediated increase in  AQP 4 surface abundance on human astrocytes was blocked using either calmodulin antagonist (trifluoperazine,  TFP );  TRPV 4 antagonist,  HC ‐067047 or calcium chelation using  EGTA ‐ AM . The  TRPV 4 agonist ( GSK 1016790A) mimicked the effect of hypothermia compared with untreated normothermic astrocytes. Hypothermia led to an increase in surface localization of  AQP 4 in human astrocytes through a mechanism likely dependent on the  TRPV 4 calcium channel and calmodulin activation. Understanding the effects of hypothermia on astrocytic  AQP 4 cell surface expression may help develop new treatments for brain swelling based on an in‐depth mechanistic understanding of  AQP 4 translocation.

european journal of neuroscience

Hypothermia increases aquaporin 4 ( AQP 4) plasma membrane abundance in human primary cortical astrocytes via a calcium/transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 ( TRPV 4)‐ and calmodulin‐mediated mechanism