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HbS/β+ thalassemia: Really a mild disease? A National survey from the AIEOP Sickle Cell Disease Study Group with genotype‐phenotype correlation
Author(s) -
Notarangelo Lucia Dora,
Agostini Annalisa,
Casale Maddalena,
Samperi Piera,
Arcioni Francesco,
Gorello Paolo,
Perrotta Silverio,
Masera Nicoletta,
Barone Angelica,
Bertoni Elisa,
Bonetti Elisa,
Burnelli Roberta,
Casini Tommaso,
Del Vecchio Giovanni Carlo,
Filippini Beatrice,
Giona Fiorina,
Giordano Paola,
Gorio Chiara,
Marchina Eleonora,
Nardi Margherita,
Petrone Angela,
Colombatti Raffaella,
Sainati Laura,
Russo Giovanna
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
european journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.904
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1600-0609
pISSN - 0902-4441
DOI - 10.1111/ejh.13362
Subject(s) - thalassemia , genotype , disease , phenotype , medicine , clinical phenotype , hemoglobinopathy , correlation , genotype phenotype distinction , pediatrics , immunology , genetics , biology , gene , geometry , mathematics
Objectives HbS/β+ patients’ presence in Italy increased due to immigration; these patients are clinically heterogeneous, and specific guidelines are lacking. Our aim is to describe a cohort of HbS/β+ patients, with genotype‐phenotype correlation, in order to offer guidance for clinical management of such patients. Methods Retrospective cohort study of HbS/β+ patients among 15 AIEOP Centres. Results A total of 41 molecularly confirmed S/β+ patients were enrolled (1‐55 years, median 10.9) and classified on β+ mutation: IVS‐I‐110, IVS‐I‐6, promoter, and “others.” Prediagnostic events included VOC 16/41 (39%), ACS 6/41 (14.6%), sepsis 3/41 (3.7%), and avascular necrosis 3/41 (7,3%). Postdiagnostic events were VOC 22/41 (53.6% %), sepsis 4/41 (9.7%), ACS 4/41 (9.7%), avascular necrosis 3/41 (7.3%), aplastic crisis 2/41 (4.8%), stroke 1/41 (2.4%), ACS 1/41 (2.4%), and skin ulcerations 1/41 (2.4%). The IVS‐I‐110 group presented the lowest median age at first SCD‐related event ( P = .02 vs promoter group) and the higher median number of severe events/year (0.26 events/patient/year) ( P = .01 vs IVS‐I‐6 and promoter groups). Promoter group presented a specific skeletal phenotype. Treatment regimen applied was variable among the centers. Conclusions HbS/β+ is not always a mild disease. Patients with IVS‐I‐110 mutation could benefit from a standard of care like SS and S/β° patients. Standardization of treatment is needed.