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Eculizumab for transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy in adult allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients
Author(s) -
Rudoni Joslyn,
Jan Anna,
Hosing Chitra,
Aung Fleur,
Yeh Jason
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
european journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.904
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1600-0609
pISSN - 0902-4441
DOI - 10.1111/ejh.13127
Subject(s) - thrombotic microangiopathy , medicine , eculizumab , discontinuation , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , defibrotide , transplantation , disease , immunology , complement system , immune system
Objective To evaluate response rates and survival in adults with transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy ( TA ‐ TMA ) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( HSCT ) who were treated with eculizumab ( ECU ). Methods Patients were identified retrospectively and data collected through HSCT and pharmacy databases. Results Ten patients with TA ‐ TMA after allogeneic HSCT were treated with ECU between 2013 and 2016. TA ‐ TMA was diagnosed at a median of 93 days post‐ HSCT . Organ‐specific injury was documented in all ten patients at time of TA ‐ TMA diagnosis, the most common being renal dysfunction (90%). Acute GVHD (70%) and active infection (80%) were common at time of diagnosis. The median time to ECU initiation from TA ‐ TMA diagnosis was 4 days. Seven patients received ECU as first‐line therapy in combination with other treatment modalities, while three patients were treated with ECU as second‐line therapy. ECU was well tolerated with the exception of one case of severe skin rash leading to discontinuation. ECU achieved an overall hematologic response rate of 70% and an overall survival rate of 60%. One patient achieved a complete response with corresponding organ recovery. Conclusion Early initiation of ECU may not alter the disease process enough to restore organ function, but it may prolong survival.