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Can a virtual learning module foster empathy in dental undergraduate students?
Author(s) -
Anishchuk Sviatlana,
Kubacki Angela,
Howell Yvonne,
Harten Maria T.,
Yarascavitch Carilynne,
Phadraig Caoimhin
Publication year - 2023
Publication title -
european journal of dental education
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.583
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1600-0579
pISSN - 1396-5883
DOI - 10.1111/eje.12783
Subject(s) - empathy , likert scale , psychology , scale (ratio) , virtual patient , perspective (graphical) , intervention (counseling) , health care , medical education , medicine , clinical psychology , nursing , social psychology , developmental psychology , physics , quantum mechanics , artificial intelligence , computer science , economics , economic growth
Background Empathy is an essential part of patient‐centred health care, which positively benefits both patients and clinicians. There is little agreement regarding how best to design and deliver training for healthcare trainees to impart the skills and behaviours of clinical empathy. The study aimed to inform the field by sharing an educational intervention where we aimed to improve empathy amongst dental undergraduate students in Trinity College Dublin using a virtual learning module. Methods Adopting pre–post‐repeat pre‐experimental design, dental professional students completed the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) for Health Professional Students immediately prior to and after a three‐week virtual programme designed to increase clinical empathy. Using a three‐factor model described for the JSE in the literature, scores were evaluated for internal consistency and paired tests were performed on scores appropriate to their distributions. Seven‐point Likert scales were scored to record student experience of training and technology, which are reported descriptively. Results Most of the 37 participants were female (76%) and represented dental science (N = 27) and dental hygiene roles (N = 7). Results revealed a mean JSE‐HPS scale score rise from 110.0 (SD = 10.4) to 116.4 (SD = 11.1), which represented a rise of 5.8% (t (36) = 3.6, p = 0.001). The three factors associated with cognitive empathy, namely perspective‐taking ( T (36) = 3.931, p < 0.001; walking in the patient's shoes T (36) = 2.093, p = 0.043); and compassionate care ( Z = 2.469, p = 0.014) were all found to have increased after the intervention. Students reported a positive experience of discipline‐specific and generic videos as part of the module. Conclusion The study demonstrated that a virtual educational module was associated with an increase in empathy amongst dental undergraduate students. The design of a blended module incorporating the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) and virtual learning are beneficial and have a promising future.