Effects of elevated CO 2 on life‐history traits of three successive generations of F rankliniella occidentalis and F . intonsa on kidney bean, P haseolus vulgaris

The objective of this study was to determine how elevated CO 2 impacts on life‐history traits and life table parameters in three successive generations of invasive species F rankliniella occidentalis ( P ergande) ( T hysanoptera: T hripidae) and its related native species, F rankliniella intonsa ( P ergande), fed with kidney bean leaves grown in ambient CO 2 . The oviposition period, sex ratio, net reproductive rate (R 0 ), intrinsic rate of increase (r m ), and finite rate of increase (λ) of F . occidentalis increased in elevated CO 2 , and larval duration, survival rate, mean generation time (T), and population doubling time ( DT ) decreased. For F . intonsa , larval duration, survival rate, oviposition period, longevity of female adults, R 0 , r m , and λ decreased in elevated CO 2 , whereas sex ratio, T, and DT increased. These results indicated that the effects of elevated CO 2 would be beneficial to F . occidentalis , whereas it would be detrimental to F . intonsa . However, the effects of elevated CO 2 on F . occidentalis and F . intonsa differed over generations. In elevated CO 2 , larval duration, survival rate, oviposition period, sex ratio, r m , and λ of F . occidentalis increased linearly through successive generations, whereas T and DT decreased linearly, which suggested that the effects of elevated CO 2 on F . occidentalis would be slowly accentuated over time. For F . intonsa , larval duration, survival rate, oviposition period, r m , and λ decreased linearly over generations, whereas sex ratio, T, and DT increased linearly. This indicated that the effects of elevated CO 2 on F . intonsa would slowly accentuate over time. We conclude that F . occidentalis would be more adapted to elevated CO 2 than F . intonsa .