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Oviposition and larval development of a stem borer, E oreuma loftini , on rice and non‐crop grass hosts
Author(s) -
Beuzelin J.M.,
Wilson L.T.,
Showler A.T.,
Mészáros A.,
Wilson B.E.,
Way M.O.,
Reagan T.E.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
entomologia experimentalis et applicata
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.765
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1570-7458
pISSN - 0013-8703
DOI - 10.1111/eea.12031
Subject(s) - biology , phenology , tiller (botany) , crop , agronomy , weed , perennial plant , horticulture
A greenhouse study compared oviposition preference and larval development duration of a stem borer, E oreuma loftini ( D yar) ( L epidoptera: C rambidae), on rice, O ryza sativa L . cv C ocodrie ( P oaceae), and four primary non‐crop hosts of T exas G ulf C oast rice agroecosystems. Rice and two perennials, johnsongrass, S orghum halepense ( L .) P ers., and vaseygrass, P aspalum urvillei S teud. (both P oaceae), were assessed at three phenological stages. Two spring annuals, brome, B romus spec., and ryegrass, L olium spec. (both P oaceae), were assessed at two phenological stages. Phenological stages represented the diversity of plant development stages E . loftini may encounter. Plant fresh biomass, dry biomass, and sum of tiller heights were used as measures of plant availability. Accounting for plant availability, rice was preferred over non‐crop hosts, and intermediate and older plants were preferred over young plants. Johnsongrass and vaseygrass were 32–60% as preferred as rice when considering the most preferred phenological stages of each host. Brome and ryegrass received few or no eggs, respectively. E oreuma loftini larval development (in degree days above developmental threshold temperatures) was fastest on rice and slowest on johnsongrass and vaseygrass. Development duration was only retarded by plant stage on young rice plants. Foliar and stem free amino acid concentrations were determined to help provide insights on the mechanisms of E . loftini oviposition preference and developmental performance.