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Evaluation of a dentoalveolar model for testing mouthguards: stress and strain analyses
Author(s) -
Verissimo Crisnicaw,
Costa Paulo Victor Moura,
SantosFilho Paulo César Freitas,
FernandesNeto Alfredo Júlio,
Tantbirojn Daranee,
Versluis Antheunis,
Soares Carlos José
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
dental traumatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.82
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1600-9657
pISSN - 1600-4469
DOI - 10.1111/edt.12197
Subject(s) - mouthguard , materials science , strain gauge , pendulum , finite element method , structural engineering , dentistry , orthodontics , composite material , engineering , medicine , mechanical engineering
Abstract Background/Aim Custom‐fitted mouthguards are devices used to decrease the likelihood of dental trauma. The aim of this study was to develop an experimental bovine dentoalveolar model with periodontal ligament to evaluate mouthguard shock absorption, and impact strain and stress behavior. Methods A pendulum impact device was developed to perform the impact tests with two different impact materials (steel ball and baseball). Five bovine jaws were selected with standard age and dimensions. Six‐mm mouthguards were made for the impact tests. The jaws were fixed in a pendulum device and impacts were performed from 90, 60, and 45° angles, with and without mouthguard. Strain gauges were attached at the palatal surface of the impacted tooth. The strain and shock absorption of the mouthguards was calculated and data were analyzed with 3‐way anova and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Two‐dimensional finite element models were created based on the cross‐section of the bovine dentoalveolar model used in the experiment. A nonlinear dynamic impact analysis was performed to evaluate the strain and stress distributions. Results Without mouthguards, the increase in impact angulation significantly increased strains and stresses. Mouthguards reduced strain and stress values. Conclusions Impact velocity, impact object (steel ball or baseball), and mouthguard presence affected the impact stresses and strains in a bovine dentoalveolar model. Experimental strain measurements and finite element models predicted similar behavior; therefore, both methodologies are suitable for evaluating the biomechanical performance of mouthguards.