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Temporal trends in cardiovascular risk factors’ prevalence in patients with myocardial infarction
Author(s) -
Cimci Murat,
Witassek Fabienne,
Radovanovic Dragana,
Rickli Hans,
Pedrazzini Giovanni B.,
Erne Paul,
Müller Olivier,
Eberli Franz R.,
Roffi Marco
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/eci.13466
Subject(s) - medicine , dyslipidemia , myocardial infarction , diabetes mellitus , obesity , demography , cardiology , pediatrics , endocrinology , sociology
and objectives Little is known about changes in cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) profile over time in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods We assessed changes in age and CVRF profile in consecutive AMI patients enrolled in the Swiss nationwide AMIS Plus registry between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2018. Results A total of 57 995 AMI patients were included in the analysis. Mean age at presentation was 71.5 ± 11.3 years for women and 63.9 ± 12.8 years for men and did not change over time. Overall, the mean (standard deviation) number of CVRF increased from 1.76 (1.07) in 1997/98 to 2.26 (1.10) in 2017/18 in men ( P trend < .001), while the corresponding rates in females were 1.83 (1.11) and 2.24 (1.08) ( P trend < .001). In terms of active smoking, no significant trend was detected for males, while there was a significant increase in females ( P < .001). As a result, the gap in smoking rates between men and women presenting with AMI decreased from 19.9% (45.3% vs 25.4%) in 1997/98 to 7.9% (41.2% vs 33.3%) in 2017/18. Reassuring was the stability in terms of diabetes prevalence for both genders. Obesity was more prevalent over time in men, while the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia increased in both genders. Conclusion Among patients with AMI in Switzerland over two decades, age at presentation remained stable, while the mean number of CVRF increased in both men and women. Striking was the increase in the prevalence of smoking in women, leading to a reduction of the gender gap over time.