Premium
Paraoxonase‐1 activity is related to Trichinella spiralis ‐induced hepatitis in rats
Author(s) -
Farid Ayman Samir,
Fath Eman Mohamed,
Mido Shogo,
aka Nariaki,
Horii Yoichiro
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/eci.12731
Subject(s) - trichinella spiralis , inflammation , tumor necrosis factor alpha , chemokine , butyrylcholinesterase , paraoxonase , interleukin , immunology , immune system , medicine , biology , cytokine , endocrinology , antigen , acetylcholinesterase , oxidative stress , aché , enzyme , biochemistry
Background Little is known about the potential adverse effects of a chronic zoonotic nematode Trichinella spiralis infection on hepatic inflammation and its relationship to paraoxonase ( PON )‐1 and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effects of T. spiralis infection on hepatic synthesis of PON 1. Methods Wistar rats were infected with 2500 first‐stage larvae (L1) of T. spiralis , and serum PON 1 and BuChE activities were evaluated. Hepatic expression levels of PON 1, BuChE and various cytokines and chemokines [interleukin ( IL )‐1, IL ‐4, IL ‐6, IL ‐10, tumour necrosis factor ( TNF )‐α, monocyte chemoattractant protein ( MCP )‐1, macrophage inflammatory protein ( MIP )‐1α, and transforming growth factor ( TGF )‐β1] were evaluated for up to 9 weeks post‐infection (p.i.). The effect of these changes on the degree of hepatic apoptosis was also investigated. Results Trichinella spiralis infection in rats induced significant decreases in serum PON 1 activities from day 2 until week 7 p.i. and BuChE activity starting from day 4 until 2 weeks p.i. Moreover, T . spiralis infection increased serum pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL ‐1, IL ‐6 and TNF ‐α as well as chemokines MCP ‐1, MIP ‐1α and TGF ‐β1 during the enteral phase of the parasite life cycle. The anti‐inflammatory cytokines IL ‐4 and IL ‐10 showed significant increases during the enteral phase for the former and the muscle phase for the latter. These were associated with hepatic inflammation and apoptosis. These events typically decreased hepatic PON 1 and BuChE mRNA expression. Conclusions Immune responses mounted against T. spiralis infection in rats were associated with hepatic inflammation and a subsequent decrease in serum PON 1 and BuChE activities.