Premium
Pediatric nomograms for left ventricle biplane 2D volumes in healthy Caucasian children
Author(s) -
Cantinotti Massimiliano,
Scalese Marco,
Giordano Raffaele,
Franchi Eliana,
Marchese Pietro,
Vicava Cecilia,
Assanta Nadia,
Iervasi Giorgio,
Kutty Shelby,
Koestenberger Martin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
echocardiography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.404
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1540-8175
pISSN - 0742-2822
DOI - 10.1111/echo.14701
Subject(s) - biplane , body surface area , nomogram , medicine , ventricle , cardiology , reference values , percentile , population , mathematics , statistics , engineering , aerospace engineering , environmental health
Background Left ventricular (LV) volumes are basic parameters used to estimate ventricular size and function; however, normal values are not available in children. The aim of our study is to provide normal values for LV volumes (measured with the biplane Simpson method) in healthy children. Materials and methods We prospectively studied 1320 healthy Caucasian Italian children (age 0 days‐17 years, 49.4% female). Echocardiographic measurements on LV volumes were performed. Age, heart rate (HR), and body surface area (BSA) were used as independent variables in different analyses to predict the mean values of each measurement. Results Models with exponential (ln[y] = a + b*ln[x]) equations resulted in the best fit for LV volumes. The association with BSA was found to be stronger than the association of HR and age. Thus BSA was used for normalization of our data. Predicted values and Z‐score boundaries by BSA are provided. Conclusions We report normal values for 2D biplane LV volumes in a population of healthy children. These data cover a gap in current pediatric echocardiographic nomograms and may serve as baseline for evaluation of children with cardiac defects characterized by LV dilatation or hypoplasia.