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Evaluation of the left atrial appendage by real time three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography online
Author(s) -
Zhang Juan,
Cui CunYing,
Huang DanQing,
Liu YuanYuan,
Qin YunYun,
Zhang LianZhong,
Liu Lin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
echocardiography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.404
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1540-8175
pISSN - 0742-2822
DOI - 10.1111/echo.13870
Subject(s) - sinus rhythm , cardiology , medicine , body orifice , appendage , atrial fibrillation , linear correlation , ejection fraction , correlation , nuclear medicine , anatomy , mathematics , geometry , statistics , heart failure
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of online real time three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography ( RT3DTEE ) in the measurement of left atrial appendage ( LAA ) orifice size. We also analyzed the correlation between LAA ejection fraction ( EF ) and its peak empty velocity ( PEV ). Methods There were 91 subjects enrolled in this study, with 46 patients with AF and 45 individuals with sinus rhythm ( SR ). RT3DTEE was performed by four methods including iS lice and iC rop online and QLAB software 3 DQ and GI ‐3 DQ off‐line which were used to measure LAA orifice area, long diameter, short diameter, depth in the largest LAA , and number of LAA lobes. These LAA parameters achieved by the four methods were compared, respectively. GI ‐3 DQ off‐line was used to measure LAA end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes to calculate EF of LAA . Two‐dimensional (2D) TEE was applied to measure PEV of LAA . The correlation between EF and PEV was analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in all LAA parameters between any two RT3DTEE methods (All P > .05). There was a significant and positive correlation between PEV and EF ( r = .423, P = .000). There were statistical differences in LAA EF and PEV between patients with AF and SR individuals (0.38 ± 0.12 vs 0.61 ± 0.07, 35.7 ± 12.1 vs 49.5 ± 10.0 cm/s, P = .000). Conclusion Using online RT3DTEE for measuring LAA orifice size is feasible, and online RT3DTEE is more convenient than offline RT3DTEE . EF is positively correlated with PEV . LAA function is significantly decreased in patients with AF .