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Persistent left superior vena cava accompanying congenital heart disease in children: Experience of a tertiary care center
Author(s) -
Ari Mehmet Emre,
Doğan Vehbi,
Özgür Senem,
Ceylan Özben,
Ertuğrul İlker,
Kayalı Şeyma,
Yoldaş Tamer,
Örün Utku Arman,
Kaya Özkan,
Karademir Selmin
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
echocardiography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.404
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1540-8175
pISSN - 0742-2822
DOI - 10.1111/echo.13447
Subject(s) - medicine , concomitant , persistent left superior vena cava , tetralogy of fallot , cardiology , ductus arteriosus , ventricle , cardiac catheterization , heart disease , double outlet right ventricle , coronary sinus , superior vena cava , surgery
Background This study focuses on determining concomitant persistent left superior vena cava ( SVC ) in patients with congenital heart disease ( CHD ). Methods Between 2005 and 2012, a total of 2.663 patients with CHD , 88 (3.3%) of whom were diagnosed with persistent left SVC , were evaluated retrospectively. The demographic characteristics of patients, clinical and radiographic findings, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and angiography results obtained from the patients’ records were reviewed. Results The median age of the patients was 9.5 months, and 46 of the 88 (52.3%) patients were female. The most common concomitant CHD were ventricular septal defect, double outlet right ventricle ( DORV ), and tetralogy of Fallot ( TOF ). When the patients were compared according to their CHD , persistent left SVC frequency was significantly higher in those with DORV ( P <.001), TOF ( P =.04), patent ductus arteriosus ( P =.01), and atrial septal defect ( P =.03). Eighty‐three of the 88 (94.3%) patients with persistent left SVC had right SVC , and 5 (5.7%) had absence of the right SVC . Twenty‐seven of the 83 (32.5%) patients with double SVC had connected normal innominate vein. In all cases, right aortic arch association was seen in 14 (15.9%) patients. Eighty‐four (95.4%) of the patients were diagnosed by echocardiography prior to catheter angiography. Persistent left SVC drained to the coronary sinus in all cases. Conclusion Increased awareness about the association of certain CHD with persistent left SVC and a careful echocardiographic examination can facilitate the diagnosis of persistent left SVC . In addition, precise prior diagnosis of persistent left SVC can prevent complications during surgery.