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The Effect of Habitual Physical Training on Left Ventricular Function During Exercise Assessed by Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography
Author(s) -
Sugiura Kojima Mari,
Noda Akiko,
Miyata Seiko,
Kojima Jun,
Hara Yuki,
Minoshima Makoto,
Murohara Toyoaki
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
echocardiography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.404
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1540-8175
pISSN - 0742-2822
DOI - 10.1111/echo.12934
Subject(s) - medicine , cardiology , ejection fraction , stroke volume , ventricle , supine position , heart rate , diastole , athletes , doppler echocardiography , physical therapy , blood pressure , heart failure
Background Stroke volume ( SV ) in trained athletes continuously increases with progressive exercise intensity. We studied whether physical training affected left ventricle ( LV ) function response to exercise using 3D echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging ( TDI ). Methods Eleven male university athletes and 12 male university nonathletes were enrolled in this study. After baseline data were collected, subjects performed a symptom‐limited supine bicycle ergometer exercise test. Initial workload was 25 Watts (W) and increased 25 W every 3 minutes. At rest and every exercise stage, LV end‐systolic and diastolic volume index ( LVEDVI and LVESVI ), SV index ( SVI ), cardiac index ( CI ), LV ejection fraction ( LVEF ), and early lateral mitral flow velocity (Ea) were evaluated. Heart rate ( HR ), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( SBP and DBP ) were continuously recorded. Results Nonathletes showed a slow increase in CI , and SVI reached a plateau value at a HR of 90 beats per minute (bpm). In contrast, CI and SVI increased progressively and continuously in athletes. Both CI and SVI were significantly higher in athletes than in nonathletes at HR s of 100, 110, and 120 bpm. LVEDVI kept increasing in athletes while it plateaued in nonathletes. In contrast, LVESV decreased continuously during exercise in both groups. There was no significant difference in LVEF , Ea, SBP , or DBP at rest and during exercise between the two groups. Conclusion LV responses to exercise in athletes were different from those of in nonathletes; thus, habitual physical training may play an important role in the increase in both SVI and CI in young individuals.