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Rationale and Design of a Randomized Trial Comparing Initial Stress Echocardiography versus Coronary CT Angiography in Low‐to‐Intermediate Risk Emergency Department Patients with Chest Pain
Author(s) -
Levsky Jeffrey M.,
Haramati Linda B.,
Taub Cynthia C.,
Spevack Daniel M.,
Menegus Mark A.,
Travin Mark I.,
Vega Shayna,
Lerer Rikah,
BrownManhertz Durline,
Hirschhorn Esther,
Tobin Jonathan N.,
Garcia Mario J.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
echocardiography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.404
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1540-8175
pISSN - 0742-2822
DOI - 10.1111/echo.12464
Subject(s) - medicine , emergency department , chest pain , coronary artery disease , randomized controlled trial , acute coronary syndrome , stress echocardiography , emergency medicine , observational study , unstable angina , angina , radiology , myocardial infarction , psychiatry
Background Comparative effectiveness research ( CER ) has become a major focus of cardiovascular disease investigation to optimize diagnosis and treatment paradigms and decrease healthcare expenditures. Acute chest pain is a highly prevalent reason for evaluation in the Emergency Department ( ED ) that results in hospital admission for many patients and excess expense. Improvement in noninvasive diagnostic algorithms can potentially reduce unnecessary admissions. Objective To compare the performance of treadmill stress echocardiography ( SE ) and coronary computed tomography angiography ( CTA ) in ED chest pain patients with low‐to‐intermediate risk of significant coronary artery disease. Design This is a single‐center, randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) comparing SE and CTA head‐to‐head as the initial noninvasive imaging modality. The primary outcome measured is the incidence of hospitalization. The study is powered to detect a reduction in admissions from 28% to 15% with a sample size of 400. Secondary outcomes include length of stay in the ED /hospital and estimated cost of care. Safety outcomes include subsequent visits to the ED and hospitalizations, as well as major adverse cardiovascular events at 30 days and 1 year. Patients who do not meet study criteria or do not consent for randomization are offered entry into an observational registry. Conclusions This RCT will add to our understanding of the roles of different imaging modalities in triaging patients with suspected angina. It will increase the CER evidence base comparing SE and CTA and provide insight into potential benefits and limitations of appropriate use of treadmill SE in the ED .