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A systematic review on the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress in long‐term cancer survivors: Implications for primary care
Author(s) -
Brandenbarg Daan,
Maass Saskia W. M. C.,
Geerse Olaf P.,
Stegmann Mariken E.,
Handberg Charlotte,
Schroevers Maya J.,
Duijts Saskia F. A.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
european journal of cancer care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1365-2354
pISSN - 0961-5423
DOI - 10.1111/ecc.13086
Subject(s) - medicine , anxiety , depression (economics) , distress , cinahl , psycinfo , population , prevalence , psychiatry , cancer , medline , clinical psychology , psychological intervention , environmental health , political science , law , economics , macroeconomics
Symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress are common in the first years after a cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the prevalence of these symptoms at the long term. The aim of this review was to describe the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress in long‐term cancer survivors, five or more years after diagnosis, and to provide implications for primary care. Methods We performed a systematic literature search in the PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases. Studies were eligible when reporting on the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and/or distress in long‐term cancer survivors (≥5 years after diagnosis), treated with curative intent. Results A total of 20 studies were included. The reported prevalence of depressive symptoms ( N = 18) varied from 5.4% to 49.0% (pooled prevalence: 21.0%). For anxiety ( N = 7), the prevalence ranged from 3.4% to 43.0% (pooled prevalence: 21.0%). For distress ( N = 4), the prevalence ranged from 4.3% to 11.6% (pooled prevalence: 7.0%). Conclusion Prevalences of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress among long‐term survivors of cancer do not fundamentally differ from the general population. This is reassuring for primary care physicians, as they frequently act as the primary physician for long‐term survivors whose follow‐up schedules in the hospital have been completed.