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Randomized control trial outcomes of tranexamic acid combination serum as a depigmenting agent for the use in healthy individuals
Author(s) -
Anwar Anis I.,
Wahab Siswanto,
Widita Widya,
Nurdin Airin R.,
Budhiani Suci,
Seweng Arifin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
dermatologic therapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.595
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1529-8019
pISSN - 1396-0296
DOI - 10.1111/dth.13146
Subject(s) - medicine , tranexamic acid , randomized controlled trial , arbutin , niacinamide , surgery , hydroquinone , gastroenterology , urology , blood loss , chromatography , biochemistry , chemistry , nicotinamide , enzyme
To compare the effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TA) combination serum with hydroquinone, the gold standard in whitening agents for healthy populations. This was a three‐arm randomized controlled trial. The subjects were divided into three groups: the first group received 3% TA combination serum (3% TA, 4% galactomyces ferment filtrate, 2% niacinamide, and 4% alpha arbutin), the second group received 2% TA combination serum, and the third group received 4% hydroquinone. One milliliter of each serum was applied on three holes: Hole A, which was located 4 cm from the left cubital fossa, Hole B, which was located 4 cm from the first hole, and Hole C, which was located 4 cm from the right cubital fossa. The skin brightness and pigmentation intensity were evaluated each week for 4 weeks using a chromameter. A total of 44 subjects were recruited for this study. All groups showed a significant improvement in skin brightness and pigmentation intensity after 4 weeks ( p < .001). There were no differences between the treatment groups and hydroquinone ( p > .05). TA serum (2 and 3%) combined with 4% galactomyces ferment filtrate, niacinamide, and alpha arbutin is an effective depigmenting agent.