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Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors and all‐cause mortality: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Author(s) -
Silverii Giovanni Antonio,
Monami Matteo,
Mannucci Edoardo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.14286
Subject(s) - medicine , placebo , meta analysis , randomized controlled trial , clinical trial , pathology , alternative medicine
The present meta‐analysis is aimed at assessing the effects of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on all‐cause mortality and differences across different trials and molecules of the class. We included all randomized clinical trials with a duration of treatment longer than 52 weeks, enrolling at least 100 patients in each arm, and comparing an SGLT2 inhibitor with any comparator or placebo. Out of 139, 235 and 145 items identified, 21 trials were selected, enrolling 39 593 and 30 771 patients in SGLT2 inhibitor and comparator arms, respectively, with a median duration of 104 weeks, and reporting 2474 and 2298 deaths for SGLT2 inhibitors and comparators, respectively. No relevant heterogeneity was found (I 2 = 17%). Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with a significant reduction in all‐cause mortality (MH‐OR [95% CI] 0.86 [0.81, 0.91] P < .00001). Meta‐regression analyses found a significant direct association of treatment effect only with the proportion of Asian subjects enrolled, and an inverse correlation with the proportion of Caucasian patients. In conclusion, SGLT2 inhibitors reduce all‐cause mortality in randomized controlled trials.