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Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibition and ocular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Li Chao,
Zhou Zien,
Neuen Brendon L.,
Yu Jie,
Huang Yuli,
Young Tamara,
Li Jingwei,
Li Lin,
Perkovic Vlado,
Jardine Meg J.,
Keay Lisa,
Markoulli Maria,
Rosenthal Norm,
Capuano George,
Yavin Yshai,
Neal Bruce,
Arnott Clare
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.14197
Subject(s) - medicine , type 2 diabetes , meta analysis , placebo , diabetes mellitus , relative risk , confidence interval , diabetic retinopathy , hazard ratio , retinopathy , medline , randomized controlled trial , study heterogeneity , publication bias , endocrinology , pathology , chemistry , alternative medicine , biochemistry
Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are effective for the treatment of macrovascular complications and nephropathy in type 2 diabetes, but effects on microvascular eye outcomes are unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized placebo‐controlled trials to evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibition on total ocular events and retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. We searched MEDLINE and Embase for the period from database inception date to October 11, 2019. Two reviewers working independently extracted relevant data. Random‐effects models with inverse variance weighting were selected to estimate summary risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We included nine studies, involving 39 982 patients with a mean follow‐up of 2.8 years. There were 1414 total ocular events, of which 624 were retinopathy events. SGLT2 inhibition was not associated with a change in the risk of total ocular events (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.85, 1.11) or retinopathy (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.84, 1.16), with consistent effects across studies ( P for heterogeneity = 0.35 and 0.45, respectively). The effects of SGLT2 inhibition on eye disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes are probably null, although the available data cannot exclude small to moderate benefits or harms.