Premium
Effect of dapagliflozin, a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor, on gluconeogenesis in proximal renal tubules
Author(s) -
Kim Jin Hee,
Ko Hae Young,
Wang Hye Jin,
Lee Hyangkyu,
Yun MiJin,
Kang Eun Seok
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.13905
Subject(s) - dapagliflozin , endocrinology , gluconeogenesis , medicine , glucagon , phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase , chemistry , kidney , renal glucose reabsorption , biology , insulin , biochemistry , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , enzyme , metabolism
Aims To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin, a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on renal gluconeogenesis in vitro , ex vivo and in vivo . Materials and methods We treated HK‐2 cells (human renal proximal tubule cells) and mouse primary renal proximal tubule cells with dapagliflozin, and evaluated the process of renal gluconeogenesis. We also examined the effect of dapagliflozin on renal gluconeogenesis in normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic mice. Results Dapagliflozin enhanced renal gluconeogenesis in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo . It increased phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G6Pase), peroxisome proliferative activated receptor‐gamma co‐activator 1α (PGC‐1α) and phosphorylated cyclic‐AMP response element binding protein (CREB) expression and decreased phosphorylated Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1) expression in HK‐2 cells, mouse primary renal proximal tubule cells, and the mouse renal cortex. Glutamine enhanced the gluconeogenic effect of dapagliflozin in HK‐2 cells. Also, dapagliflozin increased 14 C‐glutamine utilization in HK‐2 cells. Glucagon did not affect dapagliflozin‐induced enhancement in renal gluconeogenesis in HK‐2 cells. SGLT2 gene knockdown with siRNA resulted in an increase of gluconeogenic gene expression and associated transcription factors in HK‐2 cells. Dapagliflozin reduced fasting plasma glucose levels and improved oral glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance in high‐fat diet‐fed hyperglycaemic mice, although renal gluconeogenesis was enhanced. Conclusions Dapagliflozin increased levels of gluconeogenic enzyme in the renal cortex and consequently increased renal gluconeogenesis, which is mediated by SGLT2 inhibition.