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Continuous glucose monitoring during diabetic pregnancy (GlucoMOMS): A multicentre randomized controlled trial
Author(s) -
Voormolen Daphne N.,
DeVries J. Hans,
Sanson Rieneke M. E.,
Heringa Martijn P.,
de Valk Harold W.,
Kok Marjolein,
van Loon Aren J.,
Hoogenberg Klaas,
Bekedam Dick J.,
Brouwer Teri C. B.,
Porath Martina,
Erdtsieck Ronald J.,
NijBijvank Bas,
Kip Huib,
van der Heijden Olivier W. H.,
Elving Lammy D.,
Hermsen Brenda B.,
Potter van Loon B. J.,
Rijnders Robert J. P.,
Jansen Henry J.,
Langenveld Josje,
Akerboom Bettina M. C.,
Kiewiet Rosalie M.,
Naaktgeboren Christiana A.,
Mol Ben W. J.,
Franx Arie,
Evers Inge M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.13310
Subject(s) - medicine , gestational diabetes , pregnancy , randomized controlled trial , type 1 diabetes , gestational age , diabetes mellitus , fetal macrosomia , retrospective cohort study , type 2 diabetes , obstetrics , birth weight , incidence (geometry) , gestation , endocrinology , optics , biology , genetics , physics
Aim Diabetes is associated with a high risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Optimal glycaemic control is fundamental and is traditionally monitored with self‐measured glucose profiles and periodic HbA1c measurements. We investigated the effectiveness of additional use of retrospective continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in diabetic pregnancies. Material and methods We performed a nationwide multicentre, open label, randomized, controlled trial to study pregnant women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who were undergoing insulin therapy at gestational age < 16 weeks, or women who were undergoing insulin treatment for gestational diabetes at gestational age < 30 weeks. Women were randomly allocated (1:1) to intermittent use of retrospective CGM or to standard treatment. Glycaemic control was assessed by CGM for 5‐7 days every 6 weeks in the CGM group, while self‐monitoring of blood glucose and HbA1c measurements were applied in both groups. Primary outcome was macrosomia, defined as birth weight above the 90th percentile. Secondary outcomes were glycaemic control and maternal and neonatal complications. Results Between July 2011 and September 2015, we randomized 300 pregnant women with type 1 (n = 109), type 2 (n = 82) or with gestational (n = 109) diabetes to either CGM (n = 147) or standard treatment (n = 153). The incidence of macrosomia was 31.0% in the CGM group and 28.4% in the standard treatment group (relative risk [RR], 1.06; 95% CI, 0.83‐1.37). HbA1c levels were similar between treatment groups. Conclusions In diabetic pregnancy, use of intermittent retrospective CGM did not reduce the risk of macrosomia. CGM provides detailed information concerning glycaemic fluctuations but, as a treatment strategy, does not translate into improved pregnancy outcome.