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Effects of short‐term energy restriction on liver lipid content and inflammatory status in severely obese adults: R esults of a randomized controlled trial using 2 dietary approaches
Author(s) -
Baldry Emma L.,
Aithal Guruprasad P.,
Kaye Philip,
Idris Iskandar R.,
Bennett Andrew,
Leeder Paul C.,
Macdonald Ian A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.12918
Subject(s) - medicine , weight loss , anthropometry , steatosis , fatty liver , randomized controlled trial , meal , gastroenterology , obesity , physiology , disease
Short‐term very‐low‐energy diets ( VLEDs ) are used in clinical practice prior to bariatric surgery, but regimens vary and outcomes of a short intervention are unclear. We examined the effect of 2 VLEDs , a food‐based diet ( FD ) and a meal‐replacement plan ( MRP ; LighterLife UK Limited , H arlow, UK ), over the course of 2 weeks in a randomized controlled trial. We collected clinical and anthropometric data, fasting blood samples, and dietary evaluation questionnaires. Surgeons took liver biopsies and made a visual assessment of the liver. We enrolled 60 participants of whom 54 completed the study ( FD , n = 26; MRP , n = 28). Baseline demographic features, reported energy intake, dietary evaluation and liver histology were similar in the 2 groups. Both diets induced significant weight loss. Perceived difficulty of surgery correlated significantly with the degree of steatosis on histology. There were reductions in the circulating inflammatory mediators C ‐reactive protein, fetuin‐ A and interleukin‐6 between baseline (pre‐diet) and post‐diet. The diets achieved similar weight loss and reduction in inflammatory biomarkers. There were no significant differences in perceived operative difficulty or between patients' evaluation of diet satisfaction, ease of use or hunger frequency. Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease histology assessments post‐diet were also not significantly different between diets. The results of this study show the effectiveness of short‐term VLEDs and energy restriction, irrespective of macronutrient composition, although the small sample size precluded detection of subtle differences between interventions.