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Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and cardiovascular risk: a meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Author(s) -
Monami M.,
Ahrén B.,
Dicembrini I.,
Mannucci E.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/dom.12000
Subject(s) - mace , medicine , myocardial infarction , stroke (engine) , odds ratio , randomized controlled trial , confidence interval , placebo , incidence (geometry) , cardiology , pathology , percutaneous coronary intervention , alternative medicine , mechanical engineering , engineering , physics , optics
Aims Preliminary data from randomized trials with metabolic outcomes have shown that treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors ( DPP4i ) could be associated with a reduced incidence of major cardiovascular events ( MACE ). The present meta‐analysis is aimed at verifying this protective effect, collecting all available data from randomized trials. Methods A comprehensive search for published and unpublished trials with a duration ≥24 weeks comparing DPP4i with placebo or other drugs was performed, retrieving all MACE reported as serious adverse events together with death from any cause. Mantel–Haenzel odds ratio ( MH–OR ) was calculated with random effect models for MACE , myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality. When available, effects on glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile and blood pressure were also assessed and used for the estimation of the modification of risk for myocardial infarction using the UKPDS risk engine. Results A total of 70 trials, enrolling 41 959 patients with a mean follow‐up of 44.1 weeks, was collected and included in the analysis. The MH–OR (95% Confidence Interval) was 0.71[0.59;0.86], 0.64[0.44;0.94], 0.77[0.48;1.24] and 0.60[0.41;0.88] for MACE , myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality, respectively. Conclusions Treatment with DPP4i reduces the risk of cardiovascular events (particularly myocardial infarction) and all‐cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. The reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction is greater than what predicted on the basis of conventional risk factors, suggesting a role for other mechanisms.