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Effects of a whey protein pre‐meal on bone turnover in participants with and without type 2 diabetes—A post hoc analysis of a randomised, controlled, crossover trial
Author(s) -
Bjørnshave Ann,
Lykkeboe Simon,
Hartmann Bolette,
Holst Jens J.,
Hermansen Kjeld,
StarupLinde Jakob
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/dme.14471
Subject(s) - medicine , osteocalcin , endocrinology , bone remodeling , postprandial , type 2 diabetes , meal , n terminal telopeptide , crossover study , diabetes mellitus , whey protein , parathyroid hormone , placebo , biology , food science , biochemistry , calcium , alkaline phosphatase , alternative medicine , pathology , enzyme
Aims Whey protein may improve bone turnover and have anti‐osteoporotic effects. The aim of the present randomised, controlled, crossover trial was to evaluate the effects of a whey protein pre‐meal on bone turnover in people with type 2 diabetes and controls. Methods Two groups, matched on sex, age and body mass index, comprising 12 participants with and 12 participants without type 2 diabetes were randomly given a pre‐meal of whey protein (20 g) or water, which was consumed 15 min before a fat‐rich meal or a fat‐rich meal supplemented with 20 g whey protein. During a 360‐min period, postprandial responses in bone turnover were examined. Results Osteocalcin, P‐procollagen type 1 amino terminal propeptide (P1NP), C‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptide of type‐I collagen (CTX) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were lower at baseline and PTH, osteocalcin and P1NP were lower during the entire postprandial phase in participants with type 2 diabetes than in participants without type 2 diabetes. We observed similar postprandial responses in bone turnover markers between persons with and without type 2 diabetes. We observed no effect of the whey protein or the water pre‐meal on bone turnover markers. The changes were unrelated to secretion of hormones of the gut–bone axis. Conclusion Osteocalcin, P1NP, CTX and PTH all decreased following meal ingestion. We observed no convincing effect of a whey protein pre‐meal on bone turnover. However, these results confirm that people with type 2 diabetes have low bone turnover and that the decreased bone formation markers are also extend into the postprandial responses.