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Association between thyroid dysfunction and dysglycaemia: a prospective cohort study
Author(s) -
Chang C.H.,
Yeh Y.C.,
Shih S.R.,
Lin J.W.,
Chuang L.M.,
Caffrey J. L.,
Tu Y.K.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/dme.13420
Subject(s) - medicine , prediabetes , hazard ratio , thyroid function , prospective cohort study , thyroid stimulating hormone , diabetes mellitus , thyroid , thyroid function tests , cohort study , endocrinology , cohort , incidence (geometry) , type 2 diabetes , confidence interval , physics , optics
Aims To compare the incidence of hyperglycaemia among participants with low, elevated and normal serum thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentration, as well as the incidence of abnormal thyroid function test results among participants with normal blood glucose and those with hyperglycaemia. Methods In a prospective study, a cohort of 72 003 participants with normal, low and elevated serum thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentration were followed from the study beginning to the first report of diabetes and prediabetes. A proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratios and 95% CI s for each outcome, adjusting for age, sex, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity. Analyses for the association between dysglycaemia and incident abnormal thyroid function test were also conducted. Results During a median 2.6 year follow‐up, the incident rates for dysglycaemia, particularly prediabetes, were substantially higher in participants with elevated thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentrations at baseline, while the rates for participants with normal and low thyroid‐stimulating hormone were similar. After controlling for risk factors, participants with elevated thyroid‐stimulating hormone retained a 15% increase in risk of prediabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 1.15, 95% CI 1.04–1.26), but were not at greater risk of diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.64–1.44). By contrast, participants with normal and low thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentrations had similar dysglycaemia risks. Participants with diabetes and prediabetes were not at greater risks of developing abnormal thyroid function test results when compared with participants with euglycaemia. Conclusions People with elevated serum thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentration are at greater risk of developing prediabetes. Whether this includes a greater risk of developing frank diabetes may require an extended period of follow‐up to clarify.