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Incidence and prevalence of childhood‐onset Type 1 diabetes in Japan: the T1D study
Author(s) -
Onda Y.,
Sugihara S.,
Ogata T.,
Yokoya S.,
Yokoyama T.,
Tajima N.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/dme.13295
Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , type 1 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , pediatrics , confidence interval , type 2 diabetes , age of onset , demography , disease , endocrinology , physics , sociology , optics
Aims A majority of children with Type 1 diabetes in Japan are registered with the government‐subsidized Specified Pediatric Chronic Disease Treatment Research Projects ( SPCDTRP ). In this study, the incidence and prevalence of childhood‐onset (< 15 years) Type 1 diabetes in Japan were estimated by drawing on SPCDTRP data. Methods Data available for 2005–2012 from the SPCDTRP and Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications were used to estimate the incidence of Type 1 diabetes for 2005–2010, adjusted to cover those registered within 3 years of disease onset and stratified by sex, age at onset and period of onset. Results The incidence of Type 1 diabetes for 2005–2010 was 2.25/100,000 persons [95% confidence intervals (95% CI ), 2.14–2.36] (boys: 1.91, 95% CI , 1.83–1.98; girls: 2.52, 95% CI , 2.34–2.69), with that for the age brackets 0–4, 5–9 and 10–14 years being 1.48 (95% CI , 1.29–1.66), 2.27 (95% CI , 2.08–2.47) and 3.00 (95% CI , 2.74–3.25), respectively. The onset of disease was shown to peak at age 13 among boys (3.28, 95% CI , 3.02–3.55) and at age 10 among girls (3.28, 95% CI , 3.02–3.55). The peak periods of disease onset were April/May and December. The number of children aged < 15 years with Type 1 diabetes for 2005–2012 was estimated to be 2326 (95% CI , 2202–2450) with the prevalence estimated as 13.53/100,000 persons (95% CI , 12.63–14.43). Conclusions Study findings demonstrated no increase in the incidence of Type 1 diabetes, although suggesting, in agreement with earlier reports, that the onset of disease peaks in adolescence with a female predominance. In addition, the incidence of childhood‐onset diabetes exhibited an annual bimodal pattern in this study.