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Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism in the adult population of the Basque Country, Spain
Author(s) -
Aguayo A.,
Urrutia I.,
GonzálezFrutos T.,
Martínez R.,
MartínezIndart L.,
Castaño L.,
Gaztambide S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/dme.13181
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , diabetes mellitus , impaired glucose tolerance , population , abdominal obesity , impaired fasting glucose , cross sectional study , type 2 diabetes mellitus , anthropometry , family history , endocrinology , type 2 diabetes , metabolic syndrome , pathology , environmental health
Aims To assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism in the Basque Country and their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods A population‐based, cross‐sectional, cluster sampling design study was carried out in an adult (≥18 years) Basque population. A total of 847 participants completed a questionnaire on personal and family medical history and lifestyle. Anthropometric variables and blood pressure were measured and biochemical analysis and an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) were also performed. Results The total prevalence of diabetes was 10.6% (95% CI 8.65–12.95). Among them 6.3% (95% CI 4.79–8.22) had previously been diagnosed and 4.3% (95% CI 3.04–5.92) were not aware that they had diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance was present in 7.2% (95% CI 5.53–9.15) and impaired fasting glucose in 3.8% (95% CI 2.64–5.37) of the population. In total, 21.6% of the population had some type of glucose metabolism disturbance, with a higher rate among men (28.3 vs 16.3%; P <0.001) and with the rate increasing with age. Risk factors independently associated with the development of diabetes were: male sex [odds ratio 4.58 (95% CI 2.34–8.97)]; abdominal obesity [odds ratio 2.80 (95% CI 1.47–5.36)]; high triglyceride levels [odds ratio 2.46 (95% CI 1.26–4.81)]; hypertension [odds ratio 2.40 (95% CI 1.16–4.96)]; family history of diabetes [odds ratio 2.30 (95% CI 1.25–4.24)]; high LDL cholesterol levels [odds ratio 1.83 (95% CI 1.01–3.31)] and older age [odds ratio 1.08 (95% CI 1.05–1.10)]. Conclusions The prevalence of diabetes in the Basque Country was lower than in Spain and was independently associated with family history of diabetes and with cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, high LDL cholesterol levels and high triglyceride levels, which were also observed in those with prediabetes.