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Low prevalence of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in northern India
Author(s) -
Sachan A.,
Zaidi G.,
Sahu R. P.,
Agrawal S.,
Colman P. G.,
Bhatia E.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/dme.12644
Subject(s) - medicine , glutamate decarboxylase , diabetes mellitus , antibody , population , type 1 diabetes , type 2 diabetes , cohort , immunology , gastroenterology , endocrinology , environmental health , biology , biochemistry , enzyme
Aim To study the frequency of islet antibodies in a large cohort of clinic‐ and community‐based patients with Type 2 diabetes in northern India. Methods We measured glutamic acid decarboxylase ( GAD ) antibodies in 618 adults with Type 2 diabetes (378 patients with diabetes attending a hospital clinic, 240 patients diagnosed in a community survey) and in 192 healthy subjects residing in north India. Islet antigen 2 ( IA 2) antibodies were also studied in a proportion of the patients with diabetes ( n = 492) and in a control population ( n = 191). GAD and IA 2 antibodies were measured by immunoprecipitation of the respective 35 S‐labelled recombinant antigen. Results We found that GAD antibodies were present in nine (1.5%) patients with diabetes (clinic population: 0.8%, community study: 2.5%), a prevalence similar to that among the subjects without diabetes ( n = 2; 1%). IA 2 antibodies were detected in seven patients with Type 2 diabetes (1.4%) and in two healthy control subjects (1.0%). The frequency of either GAD or IA 2 antibodies was similar in people with and without diabetes (3.2 vs 2.1%). No subject was found to have both antibodies. Insulin requirement was higher among antibody‐positive than among antibody‐negative patients ( GAD antibody: 33 vs 6.3%; P = 0.001; GAD or IA 2 antibody: 23.1 vs 6.4%; P = 0.02); however, other clinical features were similar in the two groups. Conclusions In the present north‐Indian population with Type 2 diabetes, the overall prevalence of GAD antibodies and the prevalence of either GAD or IA 2 antibodies were considerably lower than those reported in white European populations.