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A systematic review of scales to measure dystonia and choreoathetosis in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy
Author(s) -
Stewart Kirsty,
Harvey Adrienne,
Johnston Leanne M
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
developmental medicine and child neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.658
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1469-8749
pISSN - 0012-1622
DOI - 10.1111/dmcn.13452
Subject(s) - choreoathetosis , dystonia , dyskinesia , movement disorders , cerebral palsy , rating scale , physical medicine and rehabilitation , psychology , physical therapy , medicine , psychiatry , developmental psychology , parkinson's disease , disease
Aim To identify and systematically review the psychometric properties and clinical utility of dystonia and choreoathetosis scales reported for children with cerebral palsy ( CP ). Method Six electronic databases were searched for dystonia and choreoathetosis scales with original psychometric data for children with CP aged 0 to 18 years. Results Thirty‐four papers met the inclusion criteria, which contained six scales purported to measure dystonia and/or choreoathetosis in children with CP : the Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale; Barry–Albright Dystonia Scale; Unified Dystonia Rating Scale; Movement Disorder‐Childhood Rating Scale; Movement Disorder‐Childhood Rating Scale 0–3 Years; and the Dyskinesia Impairment Scale. Interpretation Each scale provides useful information about dyskinesia, with most focusing on dystonia. The Barry–Albright Dystonia Scale, which was designed for CP , is the most commonly reported scale and least complex to use clinically. The Dyskinesia Impairment Scale is the only tool to consider both dystonia and choreoathetosis in CP . All tools are designed to classify movement disorders at the level of body functions and structures, rather than activity limitations or participation restrictions, although many provide some insight into the impact of dystonia on activities. Further studies are required to fully examine the validity, reliability, responsiveness, and clinical utility of each scale specifically for children with CP .