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Systematic review of immunoglobulin use in paediatric neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders
Author(s) -
Gadian Jonathan,
Kirk Emma,
Holliday Kate,
Lim Ming,
Absoud Michael
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
developmental medicine and child neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.658
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1469-8749
pISSN - 0012-1622
DOI - 10.1111/dmcn.13349
Subject(s) - medicine , pediatrics , acute disseminated encephalomyelitis , encephalitis , polyradiculoneuropathy , encephalopathy , chorea , guillain barre syndrome , multiple sclerosis , disease , immunology , virus
Aim A systematic literature review of intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIG ) treatment of paediatric neurological conditions was performed to summarize the evidence, provide recommendations, and suggest future research. Method A MEDLINE search for articles reporting on IVIG treatment of paediatric neuroinflammatory, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative conditions published before September 2015, excluding single case reports and those not in English. Owing to heterogeneous outcome measures, meta‐analysis was not possible. Findings were combined and evidence graded. Results Sixty‐five studies were analysed. IVIG reduces recovery time in Guillain–Barré syndrome (grade B). IVIG is as effective as corticosteroids in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (grade C), and as effective as tacrolimus in Rasmussen syndrome (grade C). IVIG improves recovery in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (grade C), reduces mortality in acute encephalitis syndrome with myocarditis (grade C), and improves function and stabilizes disease in myasthenia gravis (grade C). IVIG improves outcome in N ‐methyl‐ d ‐aspartate receptor encephalitis (grade C) and opsoclonus–myoclonus syndrome (grade C), reduces cataplexy symptoms in narcolepsy (grade C), speeds recovery in Sydenham chorea (grade C), reduces tics in selected cases of Tourette syndrome (grade D), and improves symptoms in paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (grade B). Interpretation IVIG is a useful therapy in selected neurological conditions. Well‐designed, prospective, multi‐centre studies with standardized outcome measures are required to compare treatments.