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Inflammation‐induced sensitization of the brain in term infants
Author(s) -
Fleiss Bobbi,
Tann Cally J,
Degos Vincent,
Sigaut Stéphanie,
Van Steenwinckel Juliette,
Schang AnneLaure,
Kichev Anton,
Robertson Nicola J,
Mallard Carina,
Hagberg Henrik,
Gressens Pierre
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
developmental medicine and child neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.658
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1469-8749
pISSN - 0012-1622
DOI - 10.1111/dmcn.12723
Subject(s) - cerebral palsy , medicine , neurocognitive , sensitization , encephalopathy , neuroprotection , inflammation , hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy , brain damage , pediatrics , hypoxia (environmental) , ischemia , cognition , immunology , psychiatry , chemistry , organic chemistry , oxygen
Perinatal insults are a leading cause of infant mortality and amongst survivors are frequently associated with neurocognitive impairment, cerebral palsy (CP), and seizure disorders. The events leading to perinatal brain injury are multifactorial. This review describes how one subinjurious factor affecting the brain sensitizes it to a second injurious factor, causing an exacerbated injurious cascade. We will review the clinical and experimental evidence, including observations of high rates of maternal and fetal infections in term‐born infants with neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral palsy. In addition, we will discuss preclinical evidence for the sensitizing effects of inflammation on injuries, such as hypoxia–ischaemia, our current understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the sensitization process, and the possibility for neuroprotection.